

Hence, numerical simulation could be a viable approach to predict material behavior during composite forming. However, composite forming processes are expensive and difficult to control because of the complexity of the material behavior with fiber and matrix layers or plies and its dependency on many parameters, such as non-linearity of tensile stiffness, effect of shear rate, temperature and friction.

The automotive industry, in its constant quest for weight reduction, is increasingly considering composite materials as a substitute for sheet metal components to meet future fuel consumption standards. Forming Simulation of Woven Composite Fibers and Its Influence on Crash Performance
